2d. Raw Materials - Numbers and Values
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RAW MATERIALS - NUMBERS AND VALUES
Each fatty matter used in Soap Manufacturing has proper chemical numbers, It is important to know that the same fatty matter (i.e. Palm Oil) can have different values, depending by many factors: provenience, treatments and other parameters.
These are the most useful values:
ACID VALUEIt is the number of milligrams of potassium hydroxide required to neutralize 1g of Fatty Acid.SAPONIFICATION NUMBERIt is the number of milligrams of potassium hydroxide required to saponify 1g of Vegetable Oil /Animal Fat.IODINE VALUEIt is a measure of the unsaturation of fats and oils and is expressed in terms of the number of centigrams of iodine absorbed per gram of test sample. This parameter is also used to predict the soap hardness. A fatty matter with an High Iodine Value gives a soft soap, while a Fatty Matter with a Low Iodine Value gives an hard soap.TITREIt is the Temperature in degrees Celsius, at which a raw material solidify.